•Haitians
•Kelsey Crehan, Mary Elchert, Kelsey Jones, Gabrielle Santangelo
•Location & Geography
•Located on western part of
Hispaniola
•b/w
the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean
•Can be compared to the size of
Maryland
•Shares a border w/ the Dominican
Republic
•Capital is Port-au-Prince
•Location & Geography
•It is about 28,000 square
kilometers
•Divided into 3 regions:
•North,
Central, South
•Has four islands:
•Ile
de la Gonave
•Ile
de la Tortue
•Grande
Cayemite
•Ile a
Vache
•Location & Geography
•Hot and Humid Tropical Climate
•Dry season lasts from November to
January
•February-May experiences a lot of
rain
•June-October, there are a lot of
storms
•It is in the middle of the
hurricane region of the Caribbean
•Prone to flooding, earthquakes, and
droughts
•History
•Jean-Jacques Dessalines named the
country
•Became the world’s first
independent black republic
•Became occupied by US Marines from
1915-1934
•After growing to a stronger nation,
Haiti was the most densely populated nation in the Western Hemisphere
•Had to stop tourism because of AIDs
epidemic
•This
caused a rise in unemployment b/c tourist business stopped
•Economy
never rose back up and actually just continued to fall
•AIDs
rate grew very high along with malnutrition
•History
•A former president, Aristide, was reelected
in Haiti to better the nation
•People
were infuriated & wanted him to resign b/c he did not do a good job during
his first election
•September 2004- Hurricane Jeanne
hit and killed over 2,400 people
•After
this, the gov’t had no control over the country and most of it was run by
former soldiers
•To regain power, Haiti held
elections on February 7, 2006
•Rene Preval, former prime minister, won
•History
•August/September of 2008, various
storms and hurricanes killed 800 people
•School collapsed in November w/ 500 people inside
b/c of poor construction
•January 2010, Haiti was hit w/ an
extreme earthquake that killed 300,000 people
•It
affected over 3 million Haitians
•Suffered
from a Cholera outbreak, which killed 3,500 people
•In
2011, the death toll reached 6,000 people
•Economy
•Free market economy
•Disdavantages
•Poverty
•Corruption
•Poor
access to education
•Poorest country in the Western
Hemisphere
•80%
live under the poverty line
•2/5 of Haitians depend on
agriculture
•Subscale
farming
•2010, 40.6% unemployment rate
•Government
•Republic w/ elected government
•After earthquake, Parliament
collapsed
•The
United Nations’ mission was destroyed
•Laurent Lamothe is the prime minister
•Education
•Country with an adult literacy rate of 50%
•School system deals w/ crowdedness, poor
management, precarious physical condition and little teacher training
•After the earthquake, 3 million students’ educations were either halted or
disrupted
•Education
•Education costs remain high in proportion to
family revenues
•Public schools only cover 20 percent of
the total demand for basic education
•Parents must pay school fees to enroll
their children in the public school system
•The majority of schools have no
functioning basic services
• Strategies
& Priorities of Schools
•Increasing enrollment of primary
school children
•Improving the quality of education
•Reducing the number of over-aged students in
classes
•Solutions
•Teacher Salary Support
•Teacher Training
•Tuition Vouchers
•School Feeding
•“Safe School” Construction and Rehabilitation
•Traditions & customs
•Voodoo
•Honoring
the dead
•Healing
the sick
•Asking
for spiritual advice
•Carnival
•Involves
parades
•Costumes
•Local
music and dancing
•Traditions & cultures
•Rara
•Is
considered a peasant carnival
•Also
refers to a distinct Haitian style of dance and music
•Musicians
play vaskins
•Hybrid Artistic Traditions
•Paintings
and sculptures feature naïve styles and reflect Tainos culture
•Bright
colors, the subject could be simple but artist will add humorous elements
•Family
•Marriage
•Expected
among elite and middle classes
•Can
happen after a man and woman have their first child
•Living
near or on families land is expected
•Domestic
•Typically
made up of family members and adopted children or young relatives
•Elderly
widows may live with their children or grandchildren
•The
husband is the owner of the home and tends to the
garden and livestock
•Immigration
•Haitians have triumphed over incredible odds to
reach the U.S.
•Parents make it to the U.S. and
send money home for their children's education (though it is sometimes misused)
•Census (2008):
•546,000
Haitian
immigrants
•Top
states for settlement: Florida (46%), New York (25%), New Jersey (8%),
Massachusetts (7%), Georgia (2%), and Maryland (2%)
•Immigration
•75,000 to 125,000 illegal Haitian
immigrants
•Some children have false birth
certificates
•310,000 U.S.-born Americans have at
least one parent Haitian born
•20% of Haitian immigrants and their children live in poverty
•46% use at least one major welfare
program (in Haitian led households)
•Haitian Students
•3 types
•American
Haitian
•Children
born to Haitian parents in America
•This title is based more on students’ association with the
American culture
•Immerse
themselves more in the American culture
•Have
less pronounced accents
•Haitians in Transition
•These
are
Haitians who just came to America
•They eventually will either transition into the
American-Haitian or Haitian-American groups
•Problems
they might face:
•a lack of mastery of the English language
•the degradation of the educational
institutions in Haiti
•emotional
distance
from parents and guardians
•a general cultural disconnect with
their new environment.
•Haitian-American
•Identify
as Haitians first
•Immerse
themselves more in the Haitian culture
•With
many of the major cities around the United States having Haitian communities,
Haitian-Americans are normally found in predominantly Haitian communities like
Little Haiti in Miami
•General Challenges all Haitian
Students may face
•a more profound identity crisis as
they attempt to assimilate into the general United States’ culture
•some familial and cultural disconnect
between what they learn at school and their customs at home
•and language barriers either between
them and their local United States’ community or between them and their parents.
•Children Singing
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